Dr. Randeep Guleria
Internal Medicine
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Internal medicine is a medical specialty focused on diagnosing and treating diseases in adults. Doctors who practice internal medicine, known as internists, handle a wide range of health problems, from simple infections and fevers to chronic diseases like diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart or lung conditions.
Internists take a close look at how the body’s systems work together, helping patients with complex issues that may involve multiple organs. They also provide preventive care, such as regular check-ups and lifestyle guidance, to help patients stay healthy and manage long-term health risks.
Unlike surgeons, internists use medications, lifestyle changes, and other non-surgical methods to treat patients. They are known for their detailed and careful approach, working with patients to find the best treatment plan.
Internists play a crucial role in managing diabetes and related conditions. They monitor blood sugar levels, advise on diet and exercise, and prescribe medications to help control glucose. Internists also help patients understand how diabetes can affect other parts of the body, such as the heart, kidneys, and eyes, and create a comprehensive treatment plan to reduce complications.
High blood pressure is a common issue that can lead to heart attacks, strokes, and kidney problems. Internists focus on regular monitoring and lifestyle changes, such as diet and exercise, alongside medication if needed. They also educate patients about the dangers of untreated hypertension and how to keep blood pressure in a healthy range.
Internists treat a variety of heart-related conditions, including heart failure, chest pain, and cholesterol problems. They work with patients to manage symptoms, prevent further complications, and coordinate care with heart specialists if needed. Their goal is to keep the heart healthy through a combination of lifestyle advice, medication, and monitoring.
Internists help patients with lung diseases like asthma, chronic bronchitis, and pneumonia. They perform physical exams, order tests, and prescribe medications to improve breathing and reduce symptoms. Internists also advise on avoiding triggers, such as pollution and smoking, and ensure patients get the right follow-up care for long-term lung health.
Issues like acid reflux, stomach ulcers, and liver problems are common concerns handled by internists. They work with patients to understand their symptoms and create treatment plans that might include dietary changes, medications, and lifestyle advice. Internists also help manage digestive issues caused by infections or chronic conditions.
Internists treat infections like pneumonia, flu, urinary infections, and more. They diagnose the cause of fevers and other symptoms, and prescribe the right medications to fight infections. Internists also give preventive advice, such as vaccinations and hygiene tips, to reduce the risk of future infections.
Internists monitor kidney function, especially in patients with diabetes or high blood pressure, to catch early signs of trouble. They manage kidney infections, stones, and chronic kidney disease. Internists also help patients understand how to protect their kidneys through diet, hydration, and regular check-ups.
Hormonal imbalances can affect energy, weight, and overall health. Internists treat thyroid problems, adrenal issues, and other hormone-related concerns. They do blood tests to check hormone levels and prescribe medications or lifestyle changes to help the body find balance and reduce long-term health risks.
Internists help patients who struggle with joint pain, swelling, and stiffness due to arthritis or other conditions. They work to reduce pain and improve joint function through medications, physical activity advice, and sometimes referrals to specialists. Internists also help manage inflammation and its impact on daily life.
Internists go beyond treating diseases—they also focus on prevention. They provide regular check-ups, recommend vaccines, and offer lifestyle tips to reduce disease risks. This preventive care helps patients catch issues early and stay healthy for longer, making internists essential partners in long-term health and wellness.
Blood Tests and Laboratory Work: Internists order and interpret blood tests to check for signs of infection, anemia, diabetes, cholesterol problems, and more. These tests help identify the root cause of symptoms and monitor ongoing conditions.
Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG): An ECG is a simple test that records the electrical activity of the heart. Internists use it to find heart rhythm problems, check for previous heart attacks, and understand heart health better.
Chest X-ray and Other Imaging: Internists may order imaging studies like chest X-rays, ultrasounds, or CT scans to see what’s going on inside the body—such as lung infections, heart enlargement, or digestive issues.
Pulmonary Function Tests: These tests measure how well your lungs are working. They’re helpful for diagnosing breathing issues like asthma, COPD, or lung infections.
Blood Pressure Monitoring: Internists regularly check blood pressure to make sure it’s in a healthy range. They also teach patients how to monitor their blood pressure at home for better control.
Diabetes Management Tests: Internists use tests like fasting blood sugar and HbA1c to track how well your diabetes is controlled. They adjust medications and diet plans based on these results.
Joint Injections for Pain Relief: In some cases, internists may give steroid injections directly into joints to help reduce inflammation and pain from arthritis or injury.
Vaccinations and Preventive Care: Internists provide vaccines for flu, pneumonia, hepatitis, and more. Preventive care is a key part of keeping adults healthy and reducing future risks.
Lifestyle Counseling: Internists spend time discussing lifestyle habits—like diet, exercise, smoking, and alcohol—to help patients manage health risks and stay healthy for the long term.